Which condition requires a patient to avoid gluten?

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, triggers an immune response that damages the small intestine's lining. This condition leads to malabsorption of nutrients and can cause various health complications. For individuals with celiac disease, consuming gluten can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as longer-term health issues such as osteoporosis and an increased risk of specific cancers. Therefore, a strict gluten-free diet is essential for managing celiac disease effectively and preventing these adverse effects.

In contrast, diabetes management focuses primarily on carbohydrate control rather than a specific restriction on gluten. Lactose intolerance pertains to the inability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products, and not to gluten. Gout is a form of arthritis influenced by uric acid levels and dietary factors, but it does not require gluten avoidance. Understanding the specific dietary needs for each condition highlights why avoiding gluten is critical only for those diagnosed with celiac disease.